‘Marxism Is No Longer Relevant to Our Understanding of...

In order to answer the question, the terms Crime Deviance must firstly be defined. Crime is an act against the Law (robbery, murder etc), thus the act is known as illegal, whereas Deviance is an act that is not against the Law but an act seen as ‘abnormal’ and going against the norms values o f Society, such as cross-dressing etc. Marx developed the idea of Marxism (a conflict theory between Upper and Lower social classes) in the 18th Century, when social classes were very clearly defined- the ‘Bourgeois’ and the ‘Proletariat’. For this very reason, what is known as ‘Traditional Marxism’ is now quite evidently outdated, mainly due to the emergence of the ‘Middle Class’ throughout the 20th Century and the ‘Digital Revolution’ also†¦show more content†¦will shape public opinion of a crime and as a result, how a victim sees that crime. Relative deprivation is a crucial concept to Left Realism, and is perhaps the most easily identifiable Marxist idea in Left Realism. Relative deprivation is not the deprivation of money etc. but being deprived of something to which one believes oneself to be entitled to have, and Left Realist’s believe it is relative, not material deprivation that causes crime, and following the Idea of Merton’s strain theory, people commit crime to gain what they think they are deprived of. Young began the idea of a ‘Bulimic Society’, where expensive products, obtainable easily only by the upper classes and presented daily and rigorously presented to the working class via the Media. Therefore, the Media is seen as the fuel to relative deprivation, and consequently the root of crime and deviance within Society. Like all theories, Left Realism has its share of criticisms, such as ignoring white-collar crime, overzealous in their predictions of the level of crime and over-reliance on Victim Survey’s, which are too subjective to b e taken as concrete data. Left Realist’s also has its criticizer’s, such as the Right Realist’s, who believe economic and social factors i.e. class conflict, don’t cause crime, but cultural factors are to blame (instant

The Founding Fathers Of The United States - 1705 Words

By definition, democracy is a type of political system in which all members share the same level of power, but it is also the framework for the government of multiple countries including the United States of America. Athenian democracy, created near 400 B.C. in Athens, Greece, was a direct system where participating citizens had the opportunity to vote directly on legislative and executive bills. The founding fathers of the United States took the Athenian’s idea and created the idea of â€Å"representative democracy†, where the citizens of a nation were able to elect representatives who would make decisions for them. In fact, the United States could be considered to be more of a constitutional republic than democracy, since the Athenian democracy that influenced them is not a â€Å"true democracy†. Even though differences between the two governments exist, ancient Athenians heavily influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States of America to form a demo cratic government, allow representatives to vote on legislation, and to provide equality and fair trials to their people. The founding fathers of the United States of America took influence from the ancient Athenians in order to form the democratic government that characterizes the nation. Democracy is made up of the following aspects: â€Å"1. Self-government, that is to say, meaningful participation of individual citizens in the establishment of the polity in which they live and in its subsequent governance; 2. pluralism, thatShow MoreRelatedThe Founding Fathers Of The United States841 Words   |  4 Pageswith one of the founding fathers of the United States is aa very interest event in my life and time Sir. Benjamin Franklin: You are must welcome. May I ask your name and what year is this? Me: Yes Sir, My name is Pearl Lilly and I am a current Public Administration student and this is the years of 2016and I welcome you. Me: Sir, can you describe your position during the Constitution Convention. Benjamin Franklin: time was surely different, being that there are 10 founding fathers and that I wouldRead MoreThe Founding Fathers Of The United States Government1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe Founding Fathers put their blood, sweat and tears into the making of the Constitution and created a government out of practically nothing, all while having a vision for the future. This future consisted of a government that focused on liberty over security; a government of minimal intervention. To say that the modern version of the United States government is exactly what the Founding Fathers envisioned is a very debatable topic. There are many instances where todays government has followedRead MoreAmerica s Founding Fathers And The United States Essay1845 Words   |  8 PagesWhen America’s founding fathers broke away from England, they weren’t the first colonial Englishmen on the American continent, there were plenty of French, Spanish, Dutch and even Russian colonial outpos ts established before them. What makes the English colonies along the Eastern seaboard story so important, was the fact that 13 colonies joined together to form what is now known as the United States. Furthermore, this 13 colonies New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York,Read MoreGriswold V. Connecticut : The Founding Fathers Of The United States2438 Words   |  10 PagesGriswold v. Connecticut The Founding Fathers of the United States of America laid the foundation for the basic and fundamental rights that its citizens are entitled to. These principles have been the underlying framework for the United States of America’s government and legal system, where the citizens hold the power. Throughout the country’s history, many laws on both state and federal levels have been challenged and have thus evolved America’s culture. Among these laws that have challenged theRead MoreEssay Founding Fathers of the United States: George Washington 607 Words   |  3 PagesWashington was the father of the United States of America. He created our country from the beginning. Not only was he a great leader, but he was also a great commander. He helped us win the Revolutionary War, which gave our country independence. We finally became free, and that’s the greatest thing in America. The fact that he motivated regular people to fight a huge army is amazing. In 1732, George Washington was born on his fathers plantation in Westmoreland County, Virginia. His father, AugustineRead MoreThe United States Founding Fathers Created A Unique System Of Government2934 Words   |  12 Pages Over 200 years ago the United States’ Founding Fathers created a unique system of government that allowed a balance to exist between both the federal government and the separate state governments. Through the three branches of government, specifically the executive and legislative branches, the United States has been able to act as a unified body with several varying individual parts. With the executive branch and the legislative branch each having outlined powers of their own the Founders wereRead MoreVoting throught the History of the United States: Not Living Up to the Founding Fathers ´ Ideals1118 Words   |  5 Pagesincreased opportunity and equality to Americans perhaps not all though. United States have not lived up to the founding fathersâ €™ ideals. Voting first limited to those who had land; then those who did not could, and finally women got their chance to vote. The nation limited American rights to vote but it limited equality as well. In 1828 most states had dropped the requirement that voting citizens must own property but no states then allowed women, American Indians, or slaves to vote (97). In 1848Read MoreGeorge Washington : The Founding Fathers901 Words   |  4 Pagesmost coveted among the founding fathers. It is difficult to pinpoint a general idea of what the founding fathers wanted for the future of the United States. Some did not want banks just as Jackson did and some wanted to allow a central to making funding of the government much easier. In many ways leaders in Antebellum American were almost just as divided as the founding fathers but more visibly so. We will only look at what George Washington envisioned for the United States. His views were consideredRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1632 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Pima Community College March 9, 2015 The Constitution of the United States After gaining independence from Britain, America was faced with the challenge of creating a new government for the people of the American colonies. The Founding Fathers first created the Articles of Confederation but after much criticism the Founding Fathers met again and created the Constitution of the United States. The Founding Fathers wanted to form a government that was unlike the British government theyRead MorePresident Lyndon B Johnson s Speech1556 Words   |  7 Pages President Lyndon B Johnson gave his State of the Union speech on January 8, 1964; Johnson’s speech followed many of the basic principles put forth by our founding fathers in the Declaration of Independence and in the United Sates Constitution. The United States of America was founded upon the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution these documents were drawn up by our founding fathers. The two documents have different purposes, the Declaration of Independence was used to declare independence

Operations Managment - 14673 Words

Key operations questions Chapter 1 Operations management âž ¤ What is operations management? âž ¤ Why is operations management important in all types of organization? âž ¤ What is the input–transformation– output process? âž ¤ What is the process hierarchy? âž ¤ How do operations processes have different characteristics? âž ¤ What are the activities of operations management? Chapter 2 Operations performance âž ¤ Why is operations performance important in any organization? âž ¤ How does the operations function incorporate all stakeholders’ objectives? âž ¤ What does top management expect from the operations function? âž ¤ What are the performance objectives of operations and what are the internal and external beneï ¬ ts which derive from excelling in each of them? âž ¤Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Both of these operating principles are still the basis of IKEA’s retail operations process today. Stores are designed to facilitate the smooth ï ¬â€šow of customers, from parking, moving through the store itself, to ordering and picking up goods. At the entrance to each store large notice-boards provide advice to shoppers. For young children, there is a supervised children’s play area, a small cinema, and a parent and baby room so parents can leave their children in the supervised play area for a time. Parents are recalled via the loudspeaker system if the chi ld has any problems. IKEA ‘allow customers to make up their minds in their own time’ but ‘information points’ have staff who can help. All furniture carries a ticket with a code number which indicates its location in the warehouse. (For larger items customers go to the information desks for assistance.) There is also an area where smaller items are displayed, and can be picked directly. Customers then pass through the warehouse where they pick up the items viewed in the showroom. Finally, customers pay at the checkouts, where a ramped conveyor belt moves purchases up to the checkout staff. The exit area has service points and a loading area that allows customers to bring their cars from the car park and load their purchases. Behind the public face of IKEA’s huge stores is a complex worldwide network ofShow MoreRelatedOperation Managment1062 Words   |  5 Pageslargest U.S. tool-makers are struggling to restructure. Blame the government, yes. But bl ame the industry, too. Questions 1. Write a brief report that outlines the reasons (both internal and external) for Burgmaster’s demise, and whether operations management played a significant role in the demise. 2. Do you think that inadequate strategic planning was a factor that resulted in the company’s asking for trade protection? 3. Can you think of a strategy that could have increasedRead Moreoperation managment Essay5907 Words   |  24 Pagesretailing formats was not only in response to the diversity of consumption patterns but also in reaction to changes in the socio-political environment. Concentration means that, given a retailing format (i.e., a set of involved participants whose operations are perceived as homogenous), participant companies have become larger in size and smaller in number. In 2005, the top two convenience-store retailers (i.e., 7-11 and Family Mart) owned store number more than 70 percent of the total store numberRead MoreThe Field Of Healthcare : An Context And Confines Of Any Health Care Institution1507 Words   |  7 Pages on the strategic planning of its leaders, or their risk and information managment, and so on. Every single of these principles is at work within the organizational culture of a successful healthcare organization (successful being the key word). Let’s look at each of these principles in turn before seeing how they all sort of integrate in one and the same organization. ================================ Financial managment of healthcare organizations is absolutely vital to their long term healthRead MoreSteven B Belkin Case. Essay example637 Words   |  3 Pagesconservative. The first year projection is less than 7,000 passengers while the 4 salesman that managment offer positions currently move more than 18,000 passenger per year. TTG also alowed 6 months before the 1st flight to give the sales sufficient time to sell. Management There are 2 key departments in the group charter business. 1st is operation, Mr. Belkin will be responsible for the operation. He graduated from Harvard and had a good experianse in small business consulting firm. He workedRead MoreNokia Swot793 Words   |  4 Pages1 million smartphones last quarter than average analysts expected * Leader in Supply Chain Managment * Strong finances * World leader in Ramp;D * Nokia has built one of the wireless industry’s strongest and broadest IPR portfolios with over 10,000 patents * Sold about more than 1 million smartphones last quarter than average analysts expected * Leader in Supply Chain Managment * Strong finances * World leader in Ramp;D * Nokia has built one of the wireless industry’sRead MoreWhat Are The Legal Requirements Of A Business1640 Words   |  7 Pagessaving to help the business to grow up or start up successfully. owners investment; it is same as above to cash in the bank. There is no any type of interest. sale of assets. This could be the sale of machinery that your business does not require for operation of products. external sources: finance outside from the business overdraft : it is a simple mode of short term financing. Business need money for their day to day requirement which arises due to a time gap between their collections and payments.Read MoreQantas Business Report994 Words   |  4 Pagesmaximise their future financial performance by gaining a furthering understanding of their cost/revenue controls in order to create a margin of safety for creditors. Solvency/Gearing Solvency/Gearing refers to a business’ ability to continue its operations in the long term and is a measure of it financial stability. Rather than using the traditional debt to equity ratio airlines use a more complex ratio to show a clearer position of gearing. Simply, gearing is the ratio of the amount of debt financeRead MoreActivity Based Costing and Absorption Costing969 Words   |  4 Pagesresources available to support the new system or does the organization have enough expertise to design and train the organization for the new system. 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Case Study Health Studies

Questions: 1. Give two examples of where the notion of autonomy is a problem for the CPN. where does one person's right to be in charge of their own destiny begin to affect an other's?2. Beneficence vs no-maleficence. How do you think the CPN could reduce any potential for harm while not reducing the benefits for others?3. If bernle is sectioned under the Mental Health Act how will justice be me, or not met? Answer: The community health nurse or particularly in this case study, the community psychiatric nurse (CPN) experiences large number of ethical conflicts and dilemmas in health care delivery system. The CPN has to provide health care services such as consultation or treatment therapies alone and that too at the home of the patient therefore she needs to have enough knowledge of legal issues and implications. The case study discusses three main issues, both ethical and legal, surrounding the family of three, Jim, Edna and Bernie. 1. Autonomy, for a community psychiatric nurse, is an agreement to give regards to anothers person right to determine on his own, a course of action that supports independent decision making (Ivanov and Oden, 2013). It is important for the nurses to respect the patients autonomy where he must be allowed freely to choose between choices of treatment. If a patient is not capable enough to take any treatment related decision for himself and has an advanced directive then another person having durable power of attorney can make decision on his behalf (Ivanov and Oden, 2013). There are two instances in this case study where notion of autonomy is a problem for the family members as well as for the person himself. The first case being the religious inclination of Bernie where he is thinking he is chosen to take holy orders. Also, in order to save self from being bullied and frightened and in debt, he decided to stay at home. In a way, he decided to lock himself. Bernie thinks something else of his psychotic episodes and hallucinations and decides to pursue religious interventions as the priest regularly visit Bernie and this is interfering with the assessment process. Bernie has the freedom to experience religious feelings for his own mental peace and the priest has made him realized that he is not having any psychotic episodes. Also, Bernies past experience is not letting him go for medical interventions as he is afraid of being taken to a mental care institution. Bernies condition is becoming bothersome for his parents, specially his mother who thinks he is becoming like his own father, violent and depressed (Morrison-Valfre, 2012). Another issue is of Jim who is uncommunicative and unforthcoming. He is not ready to take any help too. Here the main issue for the CPN is not only making Jim and Bernie communicative of their problems with their family and care takers but also promoting their capacity to be autonomous. It is important for the CPN to realize the need of medical treatment for treating their mental conditions which are getting more harmful in for self and others. CPN must not make them fill any kind of treatment form to limit their treatment options, particularly in case of chronic depression as Jim has this mental illness (Bockenhauer, Cummings and Hamlin, 2014). 2. CPN chooses the practice of doing benefit for others and this ethical conduct is known as beneficence. CPN has to take such beneficent actions to prevent any harm to this family because of any of the family member or simply by removing damaging situations (Ketefian, 2015). Nonmaleficence on the other hand is the avoidance of hurt or harm which CPN must take into consideration (Ketefian, 2015). This is the ethical dilemma for the CPN what to choose between beneficence and nonmaleficence. The first step towards reducing harm and increasing the benefits is convincing the family members, Jim, Edna and Bernie to take up proper treatment for dealing with depression and anxiety. In case of Bernie and family, the CPN must show loyalty, dedication, fairness, advocacy and truthfulness in bringing out certain issues of each family member in front of them so that everyone understands what the other is going through. The community nurse must not force any treatment on the patients. CPN must us e well tested experimental treatments, especially on Bernie to improve his life. The nurse must show empathy towards the condition of Bernie, Edna and Jim and talk to them to make them vent out their emotions. CPN must put in front of each family member where everyone is suffering from one or the other form of depression and anxiety, keeping into consideration his or her attitude, beliefs and assumptions that is going to shape the course of action (Marrs, 2014). Nurse must encourage Bernie to go out and meet his friends and relatives, watch a movie or do out for dinner with family members so that each of them understand the need of and value their presence. CPN must support Edna to keep her opinion in front of others about what she feels and is afraid of. In other words, CPN in case of depression does not have to treat patients in particular but has to create an environment where the principle of nonmaleficence can be applied. This in turn will not reduce the benefits for others (be neficence) as the whole family will get a supportive environment to live. In extreme case, in order to remove any harm, CPN under the guidance of approved doctors must give orders to section Bernie under Mental Health Act. 3. Bernie shows the signs and symptoms of anxiety as well as bipolar disorder where he is involved in compulsive activities such as locking himself in his room and delusions where he thinks he hears voices and sounds of his grandmother. This means he follows beliefs and experiences that are not at the level of the established facts and realities (Masters, 2014). It is possible that Bernie is sectioned under Mental Health Act if his conducts are hurting himself or the others (Buka, 2014). Being sectioned under MHA implies that Bernie is detained in a psychiatric institution against his own will and is given medication without his consent (Marrs, 2014). Justice is met in case Bernie is given proper treatment with all the legitimate resources of therapies and treatment available for him. Complete fairness should be maintained in order to treat Bernie well so that he becomes mentally healthy and harmless for himself and his family. A proper justice is given to Bernie if CPN discovers mec hanisms to perpetuate much needed help and care for Bernie (Wenyan and ZhengYan, 2013). Reference List Bockenhauer, B. J., Cummings, K., Hamlin, L. (2014) The Ethical Practice of the Psychiatric Advanced Practice Nurse in Public Mental Health Care.Advanced Practice Nursing Contexts of Care, p. 199. Buka, P. (2014) Patients' Rights, Law and Ethics for Nurses. CRC Press. Ivanov, L. L., Oden, T. L. (2013) Public health nursing, ethics and human rights.Public Health Nursing,vol. 30(3), p. 231-238. Ketefian, S. (2015) Ethical considerations in research. Focus on vulnerable groups.Investigacin y Educacin en Enfermera,vol. 33(1), p. 164-172. Marrs, J. A. S. (2014) Ethics in Nursing Administration.Financial Management for Nurse Managers, p. 325. Masters, K. (Ed.). (2014)Role development in professional nursing practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Morrison-Valfre, M. (2012)Foundations of Mental Health Care5: Foundations of Mental Health Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. Wenyan, Z., ZhengYan, L. (2013) Application of Nursing Ethics Knowledge in the Community Hospice Care.Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),vol. 6, p. 031.